長(zhǎng)時(shí)間閉關(guān)鎖國(guó) be closed and self-fettered for a long time
　　境況 circumstances
　　必然結(jié)論 inevitable solution
　　爭(zhēng)取外援 win foreign aid
　　閉關(guān)自守 Closed-door policy
　　資本 capital
　　項(xiàng)目 items / projects
　　冒險(xiǎn)的成分 element of risk
　　承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) bear (take) the risk of…
　　世界銀行 The World Bank
　　計(jì)算方法 method of calculation
　　估算 estimate
　　局限性 limitation
　　經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu) economic structure
　　指示說(shuō)明 instruction, direction
　　追求眼前利益 pursue one’s short-term interests
　　原料 raw materials
　　重工業(yè) heavy industry
　　裝配和修理 assemble and repair
　　大型 large-sized
　　中型 medium-sized
　　小型 small-sized
　　合理的發(fā)展 rationally developed
　　長(zhǎng)處 strong points
　　短處 weak points
　　各級(jí)政府 government at all levels
　　各行各業(yè)的人們 people from all trades and professions
　　祖先 ancestors
　　長(zhǎng)江流域 Yangtze river basins
　　長(zhǎng)江三峽 the Three Gorges of Yangtze River

　　鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) The Opium War
　　連續(xù)十年 for ten years running
　　衡量 measure, evaluate
　　財(cái)政資助 financial support
　　高等學(xué)校 institutions of higher education
　　高等教育 higher education
　　初等教育 elementary education secondary schools
　　山區(qū) mountain areas
　　發(fā)電 produce electricity
　　取代 replace
　　主張 hold ,state
　　共同管理 jointly manage
　　一律平等 be all equal
　　牟取任何暴利 seek excessive profits
　　靈活的 flexible
　　領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和組織 guide and organize
　　充分發(fā)揮…積極性 bring one’s initiative into full play
　　普遍規(guī)律 general law
　　“星火”計(jì)劃 “spark” program
　　廣大農(nóng)村 vast rural areas
　　推廣 spread
　　把……應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn) apply…to production
　　第三世界 the third world
　　維護(hù)民族獨(dú)立 defend national independence
　　國(guó)家主權(quán) state sovereignty
　　政治獨(dú)立 political independence
　　鞏固 back up, consolidate
　　苦難經(jīng)歷 hard experience , sufferings
　　實(shí)踐 practice
　　改造 transformation

　　中國(guó)的國(guó)情 China’s own conditions
　　人力資源 manpower, human resources
　　資金不足 short of funds
　　圍繞 focus on
　　經(jīng)濟(jì)效率 economic efficiency
　　降低生產(chǎn)成本 lower production cost
　　生產(chǎn)力 productive forces
　　勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率 labor productivity
　　巨大發(fā)展 have made a big advance
　　技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓 technology transfer
　　對(duì)待 treat
　　改善 improve
　　認(rèn)真執(zhí)行 faithfully implement
　　中外合資企業(yè) joint ventures
　　現(xiàn)有企業(yè) existing enterprises
　　獨(dú)立自主 independence
　　自力更生 self-reliance
　　對(duì)…有利 beneficial to
　　加強(qiáng) strengthen
　　實(shí)行 implement, carry out
　　貨物 goods

　　不附帶任何條件 be accompanied by no conditions
　　自信心 confidence
　　和平共處 coexist peacefully
　　原則立場(chǎng) principled stand
　　民族自尊心 national dignity
　　一貫主張 constantly state
　　國(guó)際局勢(shì) international situation
　　經(jīng)濟(jì)差距 economic gap
　　發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 developed countries
　　發(fā)展中國(guó)家 developing countries
　　不利于 not contribute to
　　對(duì)內(nèi)開(kāi)放和對(duì)外開(kāi)放 to open up both externally and internally
　　戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo) strategic goal
　　加強(qiáng)與…的合作 strengthen exchanges and cooperation in
　　有潛能 have potential
　　共同努力 jointly work hard for
　　能量 power ,energy
　　“溫室效應(yīng)”“green-house effect”
　　土地沙漠化 desertification
　　生態(tài)惡化 deterioration of the ecology
　　酸雨 acid rain
　　提高人們的環(huán)境意識(shí) raise people’s awareness of the environment
　　保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境 environmental protection
　　罕見(jiàn)的 rare
　　吃飯穿衣 food and clothing
　　保持豐收 gain a good harvest
　　增加農(nóng)業(yè)投入 invest more in agriculture
　　可行性研究報(bào)告 feasibility study report
　　可視電話 video telephone

　　控股公司 holding company; controlling company; parent company
　　跨國(guó)公司/集團(tuán)/企業(yè) multinational corporation/group/enterprise
　　會(huì)計(jì)事務(wù)所 public accounting firm
　　勞動(dòng)密集型工業(yè) labor-intensive industry
　　立交橋 flyover; overpass(美)
　　“2002 中國(guó)”旅游年 “Visit China’ 2002”
　　貿(mào)易往來(lái) trade contracts; commercial intercourse
　　美容美發(fā)中心 beauty salon
　　企業(yè)兼并和聯(lián)合 the merger and association of enterprises
　　人均國(guó)民收入 per capita national income
　　人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)中等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家水平 an average per capita GNP up to the standard of medium developed countries
　　實(shí)踐是檢驗(yàn)真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn) take practices as the sole criterion for judging truth
　　投資環(huán)境 investment environment
　　外資企業(yè) foreign-funded enterprises
　　溫飽問(wèn)題 the people’s basic need for food and clothing
　　物價(jià)指數(shù) price-rise index
　　“希望工程”、“青年志愿者”和“手拉手”活動(dòng) activities like the "Hope Project", "Young Volunteers" and "Hand in Hand"
　　香港特別行政區(qū) Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR)
　　香港特別行政區(qū)長(zhǎng)官 the chief Executive of the HKSAR
　　消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì) consumer association
　　消費(fèi)者權(quán)益 consumer’s rights and interests
　　小康生活 living a relatively comfortable life
　　(發(fā)展是)“硬道理” development is the most essential criterion
　　職業(yè)道德 occupational ethics; professional ethics
　　職業(yè)道德規(guī)范 norms of occupational ethics
　　綜合國(guó)力 comprehensive national strength; the overall strength of the country
　　自尊、自信、自強(qiáng)的民族精神 the national spirit of selfrespect, self-confidence and self-support